Social content, even the few words allowed in a tweet, can be made to pull its weight. The same care you take for your website content should be given to your social content. Your tone in social media might be a little less formal, but you still want to consider your marketing and service strategies.

Keywords

The same set of keywords you identified for use on your site can also be used in your social media. Consider even more tightly targeted and long-tail keywords, too. Make it easy for someone searching social content to locate you and your products, or services. Or make sure your institution is associated with appropriate issue-related keywords.

The Mayo Clinic does a great job of this.

Mayo Clinic tweet example

Remember to consider the keywords you use as links when commenting in a forum, posting an answer, or commenting on a blog. You want to support your other SEO efforts so when you refer to one of your own web pages or blog posts, be sure to use relevant keywords.

Branding

Should you publish from a single brand or from each of your brands?

In the Twitter post example above you’ll see that Mayo Clinic didn’t post from a separate education or audio production account. The tweet came from the larger entity of the institution. They don’t dilute their exceptionally strong brand by having multiple publishers. They do avoid littering their Twitter feed with job openings, however, by posting those from @mayoclinicjobs. And if you’re interested only in audio content, they make it easy to search for it with the hash tag: mayoradio.

If you are a company with a higher potential for bad press or with strong individual product brands, I’d recommend that you have separate accounts for each brand name. Let’s take Pfizer as an example. Their drug names are probably stronger keywords then the company name. The individual brands attract different types of readers.  Someone interested issues around dementia might know and subscribe to an Aricept feed, without knowing it was a Pfizer brand. If an issue regarding Halcion or similar drug hit the media, Pfizer could respond via the specific account channel instead of reminding all their other readers about an issue they’d rather didn’t capture their attention. Another example would be Ford’s separate channels for Ford trucks and the Mustang.

Look at your brand strategy (0r create one) and let that guide your decision on how to publish. Or begin with a single account and if you’re finding that you’re alienating readers by publishing content they don’t care about, then create a new account.

Support your other media

You’ll notice that Mayo Clinic used a new media tweet to support a report going out in the old media of radio. New blog posts, quotes from an interview with your CEO, special offers at your brick-and-mortar location, slides from a training presentation, and news releases are all good examples of content that can be re-purposed for social media.

Let your audience lead

Maybe your audience doesn’t want to interact with you on Facebook. Perhaps they clamor for assistance you could best provide via video, so you focus your resources toward YouTube. Perhaps many are hanging out in another location like Gather, Google Buzz, or a forum established back in 1998. Services like socialmention.com or Google Alerts can be helpful in identifying locations where your keywords are currently appearing and generating some conversation. Don’t rely on those services. Do some deeper digging on a regular schedule. For example, check forums through Google’s discussion option to catch up on audience viewpoints and issues that interest them.

Use social monitoring tools to discover conversations expressing dissatisfaction with your competitors. You might not want to jump into the conversation to shout about how you do something better, but you could respond privately to the people with complaints and make them an offer. Provide them what they want and perhaps they’ll become a spokesman for you. Or simply use postings like this to gather competitive data you can use to improve your business.

Are you checking your log files to see how many mobile users you have? They might appreciate communications via Twitter.

If you’re having trouble choosing where you should focus your social attention, ask your sales and service staff for their opinions. They often have insights on how  and where people are currently finding information about you and your products. They’ll also be able to give you goods ideas for content to share.

Remember that educational content is better than promotional content.

If you really want to control the conversation by keeping it on your own site you’re probably going to fail unless you provide enough incentives to keep people visiting, reading, and posting. If you have user generated content like product reviews, make sure the search engines can index that content.

Editorial guidelines still apply

Even if you’re posting something to Facebook you want the status update to look professional. Consider the tone you use for other media. You might choose to be more relaxed or use more humor in your social media posts, but that doesn’t remove the need to follow style and editorial guidelines.

It’s a good idea to have someone periodically review postings and inform everyone who publishes from your organization about what’s been working and what hasn’t. Having measurable goals is critical to success.

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There are many statistics you can track for your website and it can be confusing as to which ones really matter. And while the answer for you is probably “it depends on your needs” there are certainly some stats that everyone should watch. Some of these are stats you can easily be glanced at for reassurance that there are no new big problems on your site. Others answers questions about the effectiveness of your marketing and content.

analytics1. Trend lines

Analytics data is most reliable when you’re looking at trends. If you see any number taking a big jump up or down you know that you have something you need to investigate. For example, if visits from your best lead generating site take a sudden dive, you need to look again at that site and the link they have given you. Perhaps the site has gone down or been redesigned.

2. Inbound links/traffic sources

This stat answers the following simple questions: Where are people coming from when they visit your site? Is that link you just requested from your professional association providing you with any traffic or leads? Are the ads you’re paying for bringing you any traffic? Are links in your tweets sending viewers your way? How about your LinkedIn profile and business page? Is there someone you should thank for their new link to your site?

3. Keywords

What keywords are people using to find your site? Are they the keywords you optimized your site for? Are they the keywords you’re bidding on for your ad campaign? Are there keywords you didn’t expect and around which more content could be created? If you’re a new business you’ll certainly want to see an increasing number of searches for your company name. If you’ve been around for a bit, you’ll be interested in seeing what the more atypical, but accurate, keywords are. Those are clues to new terms you could be optimizing for or bidding for in your PPC campaign.

4. Content

What’s your most popular content? What pages might be acting as your home page? Is it time to update some of your more popular pages? Is that great new page you added to your site getting any traffic? Are your landing pages getting high numbers? Is there a page drawing a lot of traffic that needs a new call to action on it to make it pay off even more? Is there a page that you just threw up in a hurry that’s getting a lot of traffic and should be re-written and updated? Did your last email generate the traffic you expected to your new offer page?

bounce5. Bounce rate

I want you to spend some real time with this stat. This tells you what pages are drawing visitors that then immediately flee from your site. Don’t panic if you have a high bounce rate for repeat visitors to your blog entries because you can expect those visitors to come, read your latest entry, and then leave without viewing the content they read last week. But if the landing page for your ad has a 50 percent bounce rate you know you’re in trouble. That’s when you dig a little deeper to see if the keywords and ad copy bringing people to that site are appropriate. You look at the content on your landing page and look at your call to action to see if it’s good enough to draw people deeper into the site. You look at your content and design and navigation. You ask someone else to look at your landing page. You look at the time people spent on that page to try to determine if they might have read it or not. You add related links to pages deeper in your site or change your offer or do something else to draw visitors further into your site.

6. Number of page views

This can be a confusing stat. If you’ve just redesigned your site it can be very hard to know if a higher number of page views is a good or bad sign. It might  be that visitors are being drawn deeper into your site or they could be clicking around because they are hopelessly lost.  I’d recommend some usability testing to be sure your visitors are leaving your site informed rather than frustrated. This stat might be most important to site owners who are moving visitors through a sales funnel on their site or who have a goal of educating their visitors. You might know that the more interaction someone has with your site, the more likely you will make a sale, get them to take another action, or change their opinion.

7. New visitors

This number won’t be exact, but you’ll want to look at trends again. Any big drop is a reason for concern and investigation. If you have new site you definitely want to see this number trending upwards. If you’re looking for visitor loyalty or you know that your buyers tend to do a lot of research before they buy, then you may be happier with higher return visitor numbers. But for those trying to grow a business, you’ll want plenty of new visitors. And you’re going to want to know what content is drawing them in.

Note: Absolute unique visitors is a more accurate metric than new visitors. But since we’re looking at trends at this point, don’t worry too much about that.

8. Internal search terms

If you have search on your site, this report can be full of insights for you. You can find terms you didn’t expect people to be using, you can get an idea of what areas of your site are hard to locate through navigation, you can discover content your visitors are expecting to see but aren’t finding. It can be fun to discover who the stars in your company are by looking at the number of searches for them by name. Are there search terms that you should turn into keywords for optimizing your site?

9. Time on page/time on site

Reporting tools can’t compute the time a visitor spent on the last page they viewed (because there is no subsequent page visit to measure against) but this is still a useful metric. You’ll get an idea of which pages capture a reader’s interest and which ones they skip right past. Do the numbers match your expectations? How about the expectations of your sales team? Time on site can be a measure of how engaging your site is, but it can also indicate people coming to your site and confidently selecting links only to be confused by them and less confidently moving to another link until they give up.

10. Goals and conversions

I saved the best for number ten. You have goals for your site, right? All these stats mean very little if no one coming to your site actually makes a purchase, a call, a comment or whatever action it is you want readers to take. Google Analytics and other tools allow you to track many of your goals. So you’ll want to look at goals such as number of people seeing the thank you page for signing up for your newsletter or the confirmation page for a purchase. Or you might want to track the number of downloads of your most recent report or the number of people who viewed a video past the 2 minute mark. You can usually take a look at conversion funnels from analytic packages, too, and discover if there are any places where you have too many people abandoning that funnel.

fans

11. Social media posts

I haven’t found any tool that tracks this as well as I would like so this is a metric you should track but might have trouble tracking. You’ll want to know if you’re being talked about and what people are saying. You should have specific social media goals that you can measure and track. Are you looking for referrals, links, positive mentions, leads or an additional method of service? You can also get a few clues as to what sites/media you should be tracking after investigating your traffic sources. If you’re seeing a lot of traffic from one social source then you certainly want to monitor it carefully. Most social media sites have tools for that. Feedburner can be helpful in tracking RSS feeds. Your blogging tool most likely has some reporting feature that will let you track the number of comments per blog entry, at least. Facebook provides stats for fan pages. Socialmention.com is another tool you might try to follow the social media world’s interest in your site or your product.

There are other stats you can track and which provider you with  more specific and deeper insights. But these should give you a good overview of how your site is performing.


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A critical element to any SEO or online marketing strategy is obtaining links to your site. You want people to talk about you and to send their friends and viewers your way. Here are a few ways to entice those links. Think content, content, content and types of content. And consider all the ways you can let people know that the content is available.

Content worth sharing

No matter what type of content you’re creating it has to make the person or site linking to it look good. Otherwise why should they provide the link? It has to address your audience and their needs and interests. Ask yourself these questions as you write:

  • Is this relevant to my target audience? Is this something they care about? Does this answer a concern that keeps them awake at night?
  • Does this help build relationships?
  • Is this immediately useful?
  • Does this build upon the common interests of my readers?
  • Is this novel and unique? A “wow” factor really helps to get your content forwarded and talked about.
  • Is it funny?
  • Is it emotional? Can the reader feel your passion? Can you tell a good story?
  • Is it positive and optimistic?
  • Is this something I feel strongly about?

Articles, white papers, DIY guides, product specifications

Many people are online because they have a problem and are looking for an answer. Some will want a quick and dirty answer. Others will want a thorough and detailed answer. Often it will be appropriate for you to write in both styles for the same content. You may want to create one type of article for submission to another site as a guest blog entry, for example, and have a more detailed article on your own site. Then include a link for more information to your own site (but check on the rules of the publishing site first.)

Profiles

These are the easiest links to obtain because you are creating them. There are plenty of places for you to create profiles for you or the public faces of your company. Be sure LinkedIn, Facebook, Twitter, and other social site profiles include links to your website. They can be links to your home page, or to the company blog, or to the profile you keep on your website. If someone in your company has a speaking engagement then be sure to have a profile of them on your site and give that link to the people working on the publicity for the event.

Press releases

The press release may or not be dying, but if you’re doing or announcing something worthy of a press release be sure you’re including relevant links for the press to use on their own sites. Include the URL for a relevant photo essay on your site, or for a page of additional resources, or for a video. If the press doesn’t pick up your story, try presenting it to your industry association.

Signature files

You probably have a standard signature file you use when sending email. But do you have one to use when you’re posting to forums or discussion groups? Do you rethink the link you provide before you send the email or post the comment? You might want to customize the link depending on the content of your message.

Your local listings

You may sell your product or service throughout the nation, but that doesn’t mean that the folks at home don’t deserve to see your listing in local directories. Obtain listings from wherever you have a physical address.

Most professional or industry associations have a listing for their members. Be sure to use it. For both search engines and potential buyers/clients, a link from an association implies your trustworthiness.

Alternate formats

If you post content to a site focused on media type, like a video to YouTube or a presentation to SlideShare, there’s usually an opportunity for you to include a link in the description or in the media itself.

 

All these links appearing in numerous places and which keep appearing over time inform search engines that your content is valued. It also means that your links are more likely to appear in different types of searches. People aren’t just searching on Google any longer. Sometimes your potential customers are searching on Twitter or a review site. You want your links to appear anywhere your intended audience might be.

One more piece of advice: Pay attention to your keywords when you are writing your own links or suggesting links for others. You want those keywords in your links. In other words, try for “hand-painted, customized sinks from Sinks-R-Us.com” rather than just “Sinks-R-Us.com.”

And keep at it. You’ll see results.

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What good things are people saying about you?

How do you find out if people are already talking about you or your products? That’s fairly easy because there are so many good free tools to help you.

You can begin with Google and its tools. If you type in your key terms (or the key terms for competitors) you can refine and filter your search to include blogs, videos, and forums; posts in the last hour, day or week; and sort the results. Try their wonder wheel, too, to discover other terms to search on.

hickoryOther tools for searching blogs: Technorati or Blog Search Engine.

Tools for searching other social media: Social Mention (allows you to search for a string of words, such as “BBQ sauce” instead of searching for BBQ and/or sauce), Same Point (includes Twitter posts and podcasts), Icerocket (includes Twitter and video)

Don’t forget to search Q&A sites: Yahoo! Answers, Askville, LinkedIn Answers

Searches on social sites: Facebook’s Public Search, Twitter Search, Back Tweets, Digg Search

Video: Truveo Video

Some of these tools provide you with RSS feeds with your search results to be sent to you every day or week. Others will send you an email with updated results. Google Alerts and Giga Alerts are two services like this.

Saying thanks

Sometimes it's hard to know how to respond.

Sometimes it's hard to know how to respond.

Now that you know what people are saying and where, you want to respond, right? You want to say thanks,  argue with, or add to almost every posted item.

Don’t worry too much about saying thank-you; just do it. No one is ever really put off by a thank-you. And until you really get a feeling for the rules of a forum or how a blogger writes, this is probably the only safe immediate response.

Responding and engaging

After you’ve found something you really feel compelled to respond to, get some context. Read more about the person who you want to respond to. Sometimes you can tell that the person wants nothing more than to engage in heated battles. You might learn that his postings seem to overflow with praise for all sorts of things in hopes of being rewarded with a gift or dollars. You might find that she tweest constantly but has only three followers. The posts by these people probably aren’t worth a response.

But if you find that someone has honest praise, send a thank-you and perhaps a little additional information or an offer for anyone viewing your comment. You need to decide if you want to send the author/creator a message directly (it can be pretty easy these days to find an email address) or if you want to make a public reply. If you think you might want to ask the person for a testimonial or to be a guest blogger or engage with him or her directly at some point, I suggest posting something simple publicly and then sending a direct message or email a few hours later. That gives the author time to notice your reply and your name so he or she doesn’t think you’re a spammer.

If you are responding to something negative I suggest you prepare a response in Word or someplace other than the site where you want to post. This will let you take some time in editing your response and it’ll include a spell check. Be direct and specific and try to smile as you write. I once wrote a complaint email, received an immediate thankful response, kept up a conversation and became friends with the person I wanted to throttle weeks earlier. Being responsive allows a person to feel heard and understood. Being defensive makes the other party want to increase the offensive game. So be respectful and maybe make a friend. You’re making your customer service process public, so keep that in mind.

Keep an eye open for people posting about problems that you can help them solve. They might not know about you or your product, so you can introduce yourself. Keep the public posting brief and make direct contact. I have a client who called to follow up on a tweet, was hung up on, got a call back in apology, and made an immediate sale on a product that usually has a sales cycle of several months. As long as you only make the offer of assistance only  once, your risk of being seen as a spammer is low.

Whenever you post a comment anywhere, be sure your signature line after your name provides a link to your own blog or web site. Make sure the link is relevant and perhaps re-write the link text to make it more obviously relevant. Provide the actual URL as some blogs and other sites won’t allow you to encode the link.

Keep following any discussion that ensues online. That might means checking back for several weeks. That might mean sending a message directly to the original author to check if everything is still good or has been resolved.

Expand the conversation

Let more people in on the discussion. Tweet a link to anything particularly flattering. Or retweet a tweet. Or write an entire blog post in response if you’re feeling like you have a lot to say. Or start a discussion in one of your own social sites, rephrase the original comments or link to the video, and ask for stories about similar experiences by others. Or if you found a story about something cool one of your clients did or wrote about, act like a proud grandparent and brag on them a bit in your own space, then invite their response.

Carve out a half hour a week or so to check on what’s being said about your topics. You’ll learn a lot about your customers or industry even if you seldom decide respond to anything directly.

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Starting or rejuvenating a social networking site

Starting a group on LinkedIn or Ning or other sites is really very easy. About all you need is a name and a few people to invite. But then the really hard work begins.

You’ve just invited 50 people to a party and they don’t know each other so what’s the very first thing you do? You introduce them or ask them to introduce themselves. And then what happens? Typically the conversation ends there. Or maybe a few people will direct message each other. How can you get people to feel comfortable enough to start talking?

Ask a few simple and interesting questions

Frequently a group of people chatting at a conference or a party try to find some experience they’ve all just shared to talk about. So if you’re starting a group of recent event attendees or graduates or purchasers, you can always ask people to give some feedback. But don’t just say “What did you think of x?” Ask for the strangest comment you overheard during a break, the hardest part of a course, or the reaction of family to your purchase. Give them an interesting angle to explore.

If people in the group haven’t had a common experience that you know of, give them one. Post a video or an article or a review and ask for comments. Or start an online treasure hunt. Or run a contest.

At parties there’s always a conversation about books, movies, or TV shows. People like to give their own reviews. So ask for a review or recommendation. If you have a group for professionals, ask for their favorite blog or podcast or Tweeter to follow. If your group is about a product, ask for direct reviews of the product—maybe even reports on how they used the product in ways it’s not usually used. If the group is built around a service or activity, ask for the best place to get that service or activity: where to snowboard in Missouri, or how to locate a service station when traveling the back roads of Wyoming.

Have you ever notice that interesting people usually have a few most embarrassing moment stories they aren’t embarrassed to tell? Ask people to share this type of story; just make it related to your group.

Yesterday was Thanksgiving and several groups asked the generic “what are you thankful for” question. I haven’t seem much response. That’s because the question wasn’t specific enough. How about “What have you found to be thankful for during these tough economic times?” or “Who would you like to publicly thank for supporting you in your profession or teaching you a skill?” You could even begin by thanking the inventor of a technology used in your product or service, or the father of the founder of your company, or someone influential in your community to get the conversation started.

At the end of the year, everyone loves to write and read predictions. So ask for some and make outlandish ones yourself. Make it controversial or silly. You’ll get replies.

People love recipes. How could you ask for a recipe—maybe a recipe for failure or success? Ask people to talk about their secret ingredient. What do they do that sets them apart from the rest of this community? How do they spice things up or keep it mellow?

Ask for the superlative stories in your community. Who or what is the strangest, fastest, tastiest, greenest, or cheapest? Ask people to nominate contenders. Maybe even offer a prize for who gets the most agreement with the person, place or thing he or she nominated.

Put up a poll. Then start a topic around that same subject. I’m sure I’m not the only person who loves checking boxes but then gets upset because the answers offered aren’t exactly expressing my opinions. I appreciate the opportunity to say a bit more or to vent about the choices.

People like to feel clever and some enjoy being silly and clever. So some groups might respond to a question like “Which Muppet/Star Wars character/super hero are you when using our product?” Or “Which rock star/Gilligan character/elementary school supply do you need us to be when we provide our service?” Or “How would Old MacDonald, or Donald Duck handle a problem commonly shared in your community?”

The next time you are with a group of people you don’t know well and the conversation becomes engaging, just think about what got people talking. And then try that out with your group.

Postscript

Here’s an excellent post on this topic: 10 Rules for Increasing Community Engagement

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Acquisition, retention, referral

These are three of the big challenges for businesses. How do you get people interested enough in your product or service that they buy? Once they do buy, how do you keep them engaged and interested? Now that you’ve impressed them with your quality, how can you encourage them to talk about it and bring you new customers?

Catch their attention

Don't scare 'em; just get their attention

Don't scare 'em; just get their attention

Even before you try to get someone’s attention you have to know where they are. Do the people you want to reach naturally congregate anywhere either online of off? What do they all share in common? You might know that over 100 people in the U.S. view YouTube, but does that matter for you? It certainly makes it worth checking to find out. You might think that no one will go to YouTube to learn anything about carpet cleaning, but there are over 6000 videos posted—many with over 5,000 views.

If you know where to find your potential customers (readers, buyers, contributors, benefactors), how do you earn their attention? Teachers know the answer to this. You do the unexpected. You use humor. You get the students (or your customers) involved. Find something they are already interested in and build on that.You make yourself and your product relevant and timely. You make things personal and emotional. You engage every sense you can. (See Sonic Branding for adding sound to your brand attributes.)

You can apply these lessons to writing headlines, producing videos, hosting events, or to any engaging marketing effort. For example, a carpet cleaning company might use a headline like “Carousing with your carpet cleaner,”  post a video of a burlesque dancer performing with a vacuum, and follow up by asking for submissions of home videos of people imitating that performance in their own homes. Then you can follow up with message about how your product is the best for after-party cleanup chores. (I know I’d vacuum a lot more if I could pretend it was fun and sexy.)

If you want a real world example, see Burberry’s latest trenchcoat campaign.

Be where you customers are now and where they might be in the future. You don’t foresee anyone searching on Flickr your product? Perhaps you don’t need to be there. But you do need to own your own brand name there. Don’t let someone else grab it. (I also suggest posting a few images there anyway for use by journalists and bloggers who want an image to print or post. )

Don’t forget the basics either. You’re networking face-to-face in your industry, right? You have a great signature line for your email. And, of course, you’ve invested in SEO so people can find you. You haven’t hidden your contact information: phone, email, Twitter, etc.

Create or join the flock

Photo of several cedar waxwings at a bird bath

Be part of the community; be a reliable resource

You’ve created that first inexpensive, fun, rewarding or flattering experience with your brand. Now how do you keep folks interested?

First let’s consider if this even a marketing issue. Couldn’t it be left up to customer service and sales staff? They certainly have their leadership role, but marketing is still important.

I’m sure I’m not the only person who lives with someone who doesn’t stop researching his purchase after it’s been made. I married a guy who wants continued reassurance that he made the best choice. He wants plenty of reasons why he can keep bragging to his friends. He wants his purchases to support his sense of himself as smart, cutting edge, and elite. Your customers want that, too.

Offering an upgrade discount, adding another testimonial or white paper to your website, hosting a group or a forum for people who buy your product, or just sending a thank-you are all examples of how marketing can stay involved in the customer relationship. The sales staff will know what keeps your customers interested, what problems they might still need to solve, and what might offend them. They might even have a few great stories that could be shared with other customers. Together you evaluate the entire sales funnel and how each group can contribute to and evaluate it.

Of course, both your marketing and sales staff is listening to your customers. But that becomes a lot easier if you can drop by their hang outs and talk with them regularly and directly. Your customers want to know that you are taking their needs and wants into consideration when making decisions, so they often welcome a short poll or simple question to answer and discuss. Each time you add value to a conversation started by your customers, or put them in touch with each other, you are adding value to that community and that community will notice. You can make them feel special by providing a special offer just for them. People respond really well to stories and to getting something special.

Maybe there isn’t a community of users yet so you can try to create one. You just have to locate fertile territory. For example, a casual search on Twitter provided me with a lead for one of my clients—a lead who had already expressed a desire to buy but just didn’t know how. She couldn’t find a community who could tell her where to find suppliers or give her any advice. This probably means that we won’t be able to build a community around my client’s company, but will have to build one that will educate people about her product instead. Even though that might mean creating a community open to her competitors, hers will be the company identified with creating and supporting this new community. Her company can aspire to the role of hostess whom everyone looks to to lead the conversation and make introductions. (You might not remember everyone at a party, but you’ll certainly remember your host.)

Encourage a missionary fervor

Regular engagement of your customers can encourage them and give them the language and tools to keep on talking—about you and about your product or services. If you add more content to your website, blog, or fan page that builds on what you’ve learned from listening, you’ve made a start. The next step is to simple make it easy for them to share that content by adding social bookmarking tools or asking readers to email a friend.

You can also provide your customers with ways to self identify as fans of yours. A Facebook fan page is one way, but t-shirts also still work for some markets. You probably won’t get anyone to tattoo your brand on their arm, but you can give them graphics, icons, tools, videos and great content they will want to share.

Take advantage of discussions you already know are happening and host a comfortable space to continue and enlarge that discussion. For example Hershey created the Cookie Exchange network. Discussions are not exclusively about Hershey but you can bet that the participants feel more warmly toward its brand and keep it top of mind while they’re there. Hershey gave their customers a great reason to reach out to their friends and welcome them to the party. You, too can make more of whatever it is that your customers enjoy, respect, or use.

Hershey is providing an experience along with their product. They have proven that they are still interested even after they’ve made their sale. If you show you care, you’ll be encouraging people to talk. We all love it when people pay attention to us and make us feel special.

Don’t be afraid to join in discussions that you didn’t start, but that you can spice up. You don’t have to be the life of the party if that’s not your style. You simply have to be interested and interesting. You have to provide value to your customers’ communities. You might want to start just by answering questions at LinkedIn’s Questions and Answers section, or Yahoo’s Answers or wherever you’ve found your customers hang out.

Just keep surprising your customers with good service, respect, your interest, your understanding and with the unexpected.

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What are people saying about you? Where would you fit in? In other words, where do you begin with social media?

Let’s begin just with these two goals: Locate where your company, product or service is already a topic of conversation and discover where your customers look for resources, guidance and support.

First review what you already know about your customers. What are the needs that lead them to you? What are they talking with your sales and customer service people about? Are there professional organizations they belong to? If you hosted a dinner party for your best customers, what would the conversation—even the idle chit-chat—be about? At this stage you can make some guesses; just get a list of subjects and possible locations to begin your research.

Now go to the following sites and search for your company name, the names of leaders at your company, your major competitors, the names of their leaders, your product or service and your suppliers: Google (search the Web, blogs, forums, and video; keep tabs with Google Alerts), LinkedIn, Twitter (keep tabs with Listiti), Facebook, YouTube, Socialmention. If you already know influencers such as analysts, publications, or review sites, be sure to search through their recent published work as well.

Just listen at this stage. Be sure to record the locations of any conversations you were immediately tempted to join in on. Make note of the sites or people or publications that you keep seeing referenced. Note where you find people who already seem to be speaking on your behalf and note their names. (You’ll want to discover what made them evangelists and be sure you’re keeping them happy.) Note where your competitors have already joined the conversation or begun one. Watch how they succeed or stumble. Listen for signals on how you could differentiate yourself from your competitors. Where are the opportunities for expansion of your brand?

You’ll discover where your customers and their extended communities are spending time online and who initiates and hosts the best conversations. You’ll learn about what the current concerns and interests of your customers/audiences are. You’ll discover if they are using different language than you to describe your products or services. You’ll find topics that you could be covering in a company blog or chatting about on a sales call. (Insights you learn through social media should be shared and not kept hidden inside the marketing team.)

It’s probable that you will assemble a great list of blogs/forums to keep monitoring and Twitter users to follow. Pare down this list down to a size that’s manageable for you to continue to follow. The discovering and listening process never really ends.

You’ll find out what your competitors are doing in social media or if they are absent. This will help you take the next step of coming up with your social media strategy.

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You’ve heard the advice to always know your audience before you create an ad, write a blog post, or compose an email newsletter. I’d like to take that one step further and encourage you to consider your role as well. What cultural expectations already exist in the relationship you have with your customer/client? What role do you want to have with your potential clients/customers? Social media is built around creating, renewing, and nurturing relationships and role expectations matter deeply. If you step out of accepted or expected roles, you could be shunned. Embracing a genuine and appropriate role helps establish mutually satisfying relationships.

Let me give you a few examples.

One social site for college alumni reminds me of chatting with a grandma who knows what everyone in her family is doing and wants to tell you all about it. She’s always displaying new photos and she’s happy to pass along your news, too. She likes getting everyone together and then standing back, stepping in just to keep the conversations flowing and respectful. She doesn’t ask for money. She might make a few discrete suggestions to me privately, such as through a direct e-mail solicitation, but never in front of everyone else. The social site is the alumni’s area and not the development office’s. Development might learn a bit about my interests and then contact me because of them, but they don’t intrude upon the “family” space.

A web site and forum devoted to caregivers of Alzheimer’s and other dementia suffers plays a role very similar to a support group facilitator. They let discussions flow among the participants and come in every so often with a professional’s opinion. They listen in on conversations and when they write a new blog post they make it clear that they’ve been listening. But they are very light handed about it. In this way they inspire my trust in the site. I know that if a participant offers dangerous advice or behaves badly in the group, someone with authority will step in. I see that there are products to purchase on the site, but it took me a couple of months to even notice them on the site. Now they feel more like helpful referrals rather than a commercial sales job.

I can compare my relationship with Amazon to the one I had with a restaurant manager at a local Indian restaurant. He listened to me and took an interest in my tastes beginning with my first meal there, expressed his interest in my dining experience, and eventually I went there every Tuesday night. I even let him bring my whatever mean he thought I’d enjoy. By listening and providing good service, he encouraged me to give him valuable information and to take an interest in his business. He never crossed a mutually recognized line in the relationship. For example, he never asked me about my deodorant usage.

I don’t want Amazon to ask either. I don’t want Amazon to act as my local drug store and outfitter and home improvement store. I’m happy to give them my ratings and views on books and music they have sold me, and I welcome suggestions from them. But I’m not comfortable with giving more. I think they’ve been successful selling items outside their original bookstore model, but not with me. Right now all that Amazon has going for it, from my perspective, is that has my credit card information and my wish list. It’s holding onto my patronage by it’s technological fingernails. I’ve decided to switch to using Powells.com because they understand the relationship I’m looking for.

All sorts of roles can be appropriate in social media. Perhaps you want to be the professor, the flirty friend, the really cool kid in high school, or an adviser. If you offer a calendaring service, it might even be fine for you to take on the role of a nagging mother. In a new campaign Kleenex has decided to try the role of a nurturing mother and it’s performing better than expected.

Now that I’ve talked about roles, I need to step back and make clear that it’s your customers, your users, your clients who get to take the lead in what roles you both play. You won’t get anywhere playing the doting wife if what they need is a reliable mechanic. You can’t be the attentive waiter if they want the efficient dental technician. If you do, they won’t return.

So instead of looking at what your product does and all its amazing qualities (which you do want clearly stated on your website), when you’re in social media spaces listen for what your desired customers want and need. It might eventually be your product, but you don’t push your product messages in those spaces. You chat over the fence, like you would with a neighbor. You find other ways to connect. And when the relationship has progressed and trust has been established, you can offer your services. The timing may be very short if you want to get attention for your funny short film or very long if you want to sell something personal like financial planning services.

You’ve learned how to fill many roles in the “real” world and what you’ve learned there really does translate. Your parents or teachers already taught you to be polite, to listen, to take your turn, and to offer assistance if you wanted to make friends.

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